The free amino acid may have been obtained by neutralization of the acid salt, which has been performed with silver oxide. Hydrochloric acid is added thereafter to give the hydrochloride salt. In this reaction, glycine is treated with aqueous formaldehyde in formic acid that serves as both solvent and reductant. DMG may be prepared by the alkylation of glycine via the Eschweiler–Clarke reaction. This compound is commercially available as the free form amino acid, and as the hydrochloride salt. Biological activity Äimethylglycine has been found to act as an agonist of the glycine site of the NMDA receptor. Published studies on the subject have shown little to no difference between DMG treatment and placebo in autism spectrum disorders. There is no evidence that dimethylglycine is effective for treating mitochondrial disease. Dimethylglycine has been suggested for use as an athletic performance enhancer, immunostimulant, and a treatment for autism, epilepsy, or mitochondrial disease.
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